The concept of regenerative medicine is based on the functional recovery of normal (body) function by replacing or regenerating cells, tissues or organs. To achieve this, natural mechanisms of the body are embraced. Adult stem cells intended for regenerative purposes reside within every mature human being. Adult mesenchymal stem cells are endogenous precursor cells that can specialize into various cell types to replace damaged tissue whenever necessary. Furthermore, they possess anti-inflammatory properties and produce cellular messengers (cytokines and growth factors) that stimulate the body’s own regeneration and repair processes. Due to their ability to facilitate a holistic healing process, adult mesenchymal stem cells are of major interest for our clinical research.